Saturday, March 10, 2012

Gender Differences

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PHYSICAL
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Men, on average, are stronger, faster, and have more stamina and a higher tolerance for pain.

:STRENGTH:
-Gross measures of upper body strength suggest an average 40-50% difference between the sexes, compared to a 30% difference in lower body strength. In another similar estimate, females are about 52 percent as strong as males in the upper body, and about 66 percent as strong in the lower. One study of muscle strength in the elbows and knees—in 45 and older males and females—found the strength of females to range from 42 to 63% of male strength.

-Males, on average, have denser, stronger bones, tendons, and ligaments.

-Women generally have a higher body fat percentage than men.

see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_differences_in_humans

-The average man has around 15% body fat while the average woman has 22% - 35% body fat.

-Your average 14 year old boy who is still going through puberty is physically stronger than most fully grown women. (How sad and embarrassing!)

-A scrawny 110 lb weakling of a man (or even teen boy) could easily overpower most fully grown women. (Oh so sad how weak women really are.)

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:SPEED:
-Average mile time for a man: 8:34 (minutes/seconds)
-Average mile time for a woman: 10:15 (minutes/seconds)
-In US marathons held during 2007, the average finish time for men was 4:29. The average finish for women was 4:59.

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:STAMINA:

Cardiovascular Function
"A man's heart is approximately 80% larger than a woman's and pumps about 40% higher blood volume in the body than a woman's does.

Men also have 11% more red blood cells and hemoglobin. This enables men's bodies to pump more oxygen to the muscles faster than women's, and this increases stamina. A well-conditioned man would therefore be able to compete in a strenuous activity for a longer period of time and with greater intensity than a well-conditioned woman."
Athletic Differences Between Men & Women: http://www.ehow.com/list_6641522_athletic-differences-between-men-women.html

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:PAIN TOLERANCE:
The truth: women are big babies when it comes to pain!

WOMEN FEEL PAIN MORE THAN MEN

Women experience more chronic pain and they're less tolerant of the pain than men, according to a new review of research.
http://news.discovery.com/human/women-men-pain.html

Why it hurts less to be a man
Testosterone damps pain sensation in males. http://www.nature.com/news/2004/040615/full/news040614-2.html

"Human studies more reliably show that men have higher pain thresholds than women, and show that men have a higher pain tolerance as well," Graham added. Another way of thinking about these results, she points out, is that women show more sensitivity to pain."
http://www.rps.psu.edu/probing/painthreshold.html

"Clinical studies by the journal of Psychosomatic Medicine found that "men had higher pain thresholds and tolerances and lower pain ratings than women".
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_tolerance

Women Feel Pain More Intensely Than Men Do: http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=women-feel-pain-more-intensely Men's higher tolerance for pain is not just macho posturing but has a physiological underpinning, suggests a study in which subjects were given a monetary incentive to keep their hand submerged in ice water.
http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtPrint/WSIHW000/24479/408/363249.html?d=dmtICNNews&hide=t&k=basePrint

Women feel pain more than men, research shows: http://www.bath.ac.uk/news/articles/archive/paingender040705.html

"The laboratory studies show rather convincingly that women have a lower pain threshold and pain tolerance than men. That has been fairly consistently shown in the experimental studies that have been done." http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=51160

Extra Nerve Fibers May Heighten Female Pain Perception http://www.medpagetoday.com/Neurology/GeneralNeurology/2017



:REACTION TIME:

"At the risk of being politically incorrect, in almost every age group, males have faster reaction times than females, and female disadvantage is not reduced by practice (Noble et al., 1964; Welford, 1980; Adam et al., 1999; Dane and Erzurumlugoglu, 2003; Der and Deary, 2006). The last study is remarkable because it included over 7400 subjects. Bellis (1933) reported that mean time to press a key in response to a light was 220 msec for males and 260 msec for females; for sound the difference was 190 msec (males) to 200 msec (females). In comparison, Engel (1972) reported a reaction time to sound of 227 msec (male) to 242 msec (female)." -

Robert J. Kosinski, Ph.D. Biologist

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:BONE STRENGTH:
"In most cases, men's skulls are much thicker, and this enables men to sustain a greater amount of blunt force trauma, such as a punch or kick, to the head without being knocked out. Over time, frequent trauma can negatively affect men and women equally, but men's tolerance to force isconsiderably higher due to the thicker shield protecting the brain from damage."

Athletic Differences Between Men & Women: http://www.ehow.com/list_6641522_athletic-differences-between-men-women.html



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INTELLECTUAL
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Men, on average, have bigger brains, higher IQ's, more general knowledge, and more brain cells.

:BRAIN SIZE:

Men's brains are, on average, 11-12% bigger than women's brains. (Brain size and intelligence are related: http://www.news-medical.net/news/2005/06/19/11121.aspx)

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:GENERAL KNOWLEDGE:

Lynn, R., Irwing P and Cammock, T (2002) Sex differences in general knowledge. Intelligence, ,30, 27-40. Examines sex differences in 19 areas of general knowledge and finds women have more knowledge than men of medicine and cookery, while men have more knowledge than women of politics, history, geography, sport, finance, and science. Men have more general knowledge than women. Lynn, R. and Irwing, P. (2002) Sex differences in general knowledge, semantic memory and reasoning ability. British Journal of Psychology, 2002, 93, 545-556.
More evidence that males have more general knowledge than females.

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:IQ:

Lynn, R (1999) Sex differences in intelligence and brain size: a developmental theory. Intelligence, 27,1-12. Shows that men have higher average IQs than women by about 4 IQ points.

Lynn, R. and Chan, P.W. (2002) Sex differences on the progressive matrices: some data from Hong Kong. Journal of Biosocial Science, 34, 145-154. Reports that among 15-18 year olds boys obtain higher IQs than girls by 3.2 IQ points and provides further confirmation for the theory than from the age of 15 onwards males have higher reasoning ability than females.



:BRAIN CELLS:
Men Have 3 1/2 Billion or 18.1% More Brain Cells than women! Men have an average of 22.8 billion brain cells, compared to 19.3 billion for women.
http://www.harekrsna.com/sun/editorials/05-08/editorials2987.htm

More cells found in men's brains UC researcher: Women have 2 billion fewers
A University of Cincinnati scientist (a woman) has determined men have about 2 billion more brain cells than women. They learned the average human brain has about 23 billion nerve cells. Males averaged 299,052 neurons per square millimeter on the surface of a brain slice about 3 millimeters thick. Females averaged 264,892.
http://enquirer.com/editions/2000/03/05/loc_more_cells_found_in.html

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:SPATIAL AWARENESS:

"Men on average have a standard deviation higher spatial intelligence quotient than wome."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_visualization_ability

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:OTHER INTERESTING FACTS:

"Women are more prone to hyponatremia than men. A study in the New England Journal of Medicine found that 13% of runners completing the 2002 Boston Marathon had hyponatremia."
Almond CS, Shin AY, Fortescue EB, et al. (April 2005). "Hyponatremia among runners in the Boston Marathon". The New England Journal of Medicine
352 (15): 1550--6. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa043901. PMID 15829535.

Women more prone to dementia due to having fewer brain cells:
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/...

http://www.benthamscience.com/open/toanatj/articles/V002/37TOANATJ.pdf
men have 4% more brain cells than women , and about 100 grams more of brain tissue. This may explain why women are more prone to dementia (such as Alzheimer's disease) than men, because although both may lose the same number of neurons due to the disease, "in males, the functional reserve may be greater as a larger number of nerve cells are present, which could prevent some of the functional losses."

The stupidity of women: 5% of men think the earth is bigger than the sun, compared to 10% of women:
http://www.geekosystem.com/which-is-bigger-the-earth-or-the-sun-okcupid/

Men more evolved? Their Y chromosome is:
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/34843925/ns/health-mens_health/t/men-more-evolved-their-y-chromosome/

Men more different from chimps than women, say boffins
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/01/14/chimp_genome_y_chromosome_gumble/

Male Chromosome May Evolve Fastest
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/14/science/14gene.html

Women becoming redundant:
http://www.angryharry.com/esAreWomenBecomingRedundant.htm

Women to be farmed like cattle in the future:
http://www.angryharry.com/esMenhavebreddogsandcattle.htm

Women - Weak and Pathetic? Absolutely! http://www.angryharry.com/esWomen-WeakandPathetic.htm

Women are slower than men at understanding jokes: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1247483/Women-slower-men-understanding-jokes--enjoy-do.html

College 'gender gap' favoring women stops growing: http://www.wrdw.com/news/headlines/82666907.html

Will men dominate the future? It sure looks like it: http://news.discovery.com/human/population-bachelor-nations-11026.html

Women not so good at multitasking: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1205669/Is-multi-tasking-bad-brain-Experts-reveal-hidden-perils-juggling-jobs.html

Men have better recovery after knee surgery: http://www.reuters.com/article/2007/07/16/us-recovery-knee-idUSCOL65879620070716

Men, Women and Speed: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/22/sports/olympics/22women.html

"Women are slower than men in running, in swimming, incycling. Whether it is a 100-meter race on the track or a marathon, a 200-meter butterfly swim or a 10-kilometer marathon swim, the pattern holds.

"Even when scientists correct for the fact that men are bigger than women — and bigger animals or humans have bigger hearts — men’s hearts are still larger than the hearts of women. Exercise makes hearts grow, but male hearts grow more than female hearts, Levine has found.

"But fat, researchers said, is only part of the explanation. “Even if you take body fat into account, women are still slower,” Tanaka said.

"Another hindrance to women is their lower red blood cell counts; their hemoglobin levels tend to be 10 to 15 percent lower than those of men. The more red cells, the more oxygen-carrying hemoglobin is in the blood. And the more hemoglobin, the more oxygen getting to exercising muscles."


Yes, women are simple creatures, they are not complex at all: http://absolutedatingtips.com/understanding-women-is-simple/

Boys win 95% of wrestling matches against girls:
http://www.momentummedia.com/articles/am/am1606/turningmats.htm
"In mixed-gender matches I've refereed, I would say the girl loses 95 percent of the time. There's not a whole lot good about that."

The science is in: Women are the weaker sex:
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-562627/Are-women-really-weaker-sex-The-intriguing-medical-facts-settle-oldest-argument-all.html
(not like we needed a study to prove this)

Hunger Control: Women the Weaker Sex? Obviously!
Women Less Able to Suppress Food Desire, Study Suggests
http://www.webmd.com/diet/news/20090120/hunger-control-women-weaker-sex
"Hungry women can't control their desire for food as well as hungry men can, a brain imaging study suggests."

Women more likely to be obese than men:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity
"As of 2005 the WHO estimates that at least 400 million adults (9.8%) are obese, with higher rates among women than men."

Women exercise less than men:
http://www.science20.com/news_releases/women_exercise_less_men_study
"Females of all ages are less active than their male peers according to two studies presented today which reveal the gender difference in activity levels among school children and the over 70s. Both studies show males to be more physically active than females."

Men close the gender gap in life expectancy stakes:
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1324737/Men-close-gender-gap-life-expectancy-stakes.html

"The Department of Health stat­istics show male life expectancy has increased by 3.7 per cent since the period from 1998 to 2000, compared with a 2.5 per cent increase in female life expectancy."

Life expectancy for men increased by almost three years in the last decade to close the gender gap with women, Government figures show.

Men better at chess:
http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2005/06/01/1376865.htm
"Despite changes in what society expects of women, access to opportunities to succeed intellectually, and other factors, women don't do as well in chess as men. Howard says his study, published in the May issue of the Journal of Biosocial Science, backs the idea that men have an innate ability to checkmate and win the game. Adult men have traditionally dominated at upper levels of intellectual achievement. For example, nearly all recognised geniuses have been male, and men have won more Nobel prizes and science citations than women."

(more links coming soon)